Homebrew - Error: Permission denied @ apply2files - /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

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05-10-2024

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"Permission denied" when installing Homebrew packages: A common problem and its solution

Scenario:

You're trying to install a package using Homebrew, but you encounter an error message that reads "Error: Permission denied @ apply2files - /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins." This can be frustrating, especially for beginners.

The Problem in Plain English:

Homebrew needs to modify files in the /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins directory to install the package, but it doesn't have the necessary permissions to do so. This is usually due to a change in ownership or file permissions.

Original Code:

brew install <package_name>

Understanding the Error:

The /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins directory typically belongs to the root user, and Homebrew is running as your regular user. To successfully install the package, Homebrew needs to either be granted access to this directory or the ownership of the files within it should be changed.

Solutions:

1. Run brew install as the root user: This is not recommended as it can lead to security risks.

2. Change Ownership:

   • Temporarily:

     sudo chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins
     brew install <package_name>
     sudo chown -R root:wheel /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins 
     

   • Permanently:

     sudo chown -R $(whoami):$(whoami) /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins 
     

   • Important: This approach should be used with caution, as changing ownership can have unexpected consequences. It's advisable to carefully consider the security implications before making any permanent changes.

3. Grant Homebrew Permissions:

   • Use sudo to give temporary access:

     sudo brew install <package_name>
     

   • Alternatively, you can create a symbolic link to the directory within your user's home directory:

     ln -s /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins ~/.docker/cli-plugins
     brew install <package_name>
     

   • Note: This method may not work for all packages.

Additional Considerations:

• Docker: If the docker package is installed and managed by Homebrew, it's best to avoid changing ownership of /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins.
• Re-run brew doctor: After installing a package, it's always good practice to run brew doctor to check for any potential problems.

Conclusion:

The "Permission denied" error is a common issue when installing Homebrew packages. By understanding the underlying cause and following the solutions outlined above, you can successfully install your desired packages without encountering this error. Remember to always proceed with caution when changing system file permissions.